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Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
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Intraguild predation and competition impacts on a subordinate predator.

Heidi Björklund1,2, Andrea Santangeli3,4, F Guillaume Blanchet4,5

  • 1Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 17, 00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. heidi.bjorklund@helsinki.fi.

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|February 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Subordinate common buzzards (Buteo buteo) avoid territories with intraguild (IG) predators like goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) and competitors. Food availability influences these interactions, impacting predator distribution.

Keywords:
Bird-of-preyDominanceFood conflictInterference competitionPredator avoidance

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Wildlife Biology

Background:

  • Intraguild (IG) predation and interspecific competition are key ecological factors influencing species distribution and success.
  • Forest-dwelling raptors provide a model system to study these interactions due to their complex ecological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the dominant intraguild predator, the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), on the breeding distribution of the subordinate common buzzard (Buteo buteo).
  • To assess the influence of interspecific competitors, primarily Strix owls, and prey availability on common buzzard settlement patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of breeding data from forest-dwelling hawks in Finland.
  • Statistical evaluation of territory occupancy in relation to the presence of northern goshawks, interspecific competitors, and prey abundance (grouse and small rodents).

Main Results:

  • Common buzzards preferentially occupied territories with lower intraguild predation risk and fewer interspecific competitors.
  • Buzzard avoidance of territories with abundant grouse suggests a strategy to minimize risk from goshawk predation.
  • High densities of small rodents attracted competitors, creating a trade-off between food availability and competitive pressure for buzzards.

Conclusions:

  • Common buzzards must balance the risks of intraguild predation and interference competition against resource availability.
  • The presence of dominant predators and associated food resources can limit the distribution and resource exploitation of subordinate predators.
  • Interspecific interactions, particularly with dominant predators, significantly shape the spatial distribution patterns of subordinate predators.