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Selective silicate-directed motility in diatoms.

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Benthic diatoms actively seek dissolved silicic acid (dSi) by increasing speed and directionality when resources are scarce. This behavior influences micro-scale patch dynamics and global silicon cycling.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Diatoms are crucial primary producers dependent on silica for cell walls.
  • Diatoms are the primary sink in the global silicon cycle, precipitating significant amounts of silica annually.
  • Dissolved silicic acid (dSi) availability limits diatom productivity and shapes community composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if benthic diatoms exhibit behavioral responses to dissolved silicic acid (dSi) gradients.
  • To understand how dSi availability influences diatom movement and resource acquisition strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Observational studies on benthic diatom communities.
  • Analysis of cell speed and directional movement in response to varying dSi concentrations.
  • Modeling micro-scale patch dynamics and chemotaxis.

Main Results:

  • Benthic diatoms demonstrate a selective behavioral response to dSi gradients.
  • Cell speed increases under dSi-limited conditions (chemokinesis).
  • Directionality of movement enhances resource exploitation in the presence of dSi gradients (chemotaxis).

Conclusions:

  • Diatoms possess a specific search behavior to exploit localized dSi hotspots.
  • This behavior contributes to micro-scale biofilm community dynamics.
  • Diatom search behavior may impact sediment-water dSi fluxes and global biogeochemical cycles.