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Evaluating the Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing on Streams using Microbial Molecular Signatures
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Environmental contamination due to shale gas development.

M P J A Annevelink1, J A J Meesters1, A J Hendriks1

  • 1Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR), Radboud University (RU), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

The Science of the Total Environment
|February 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Shale gas development risks air and water contamination. Poor wastewater treatment significantly exceeds environmental standards, posing ecological threats.

Keywords:
Aquatic toxicologyChemical concentrationsChemical emissionEcotox TRVEnvironmental contaminationEnvironmental risksShale gas developmentTWA-TLVToxicology

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Shale gas extraction impacts air and water quality.
  • Data on emissions and concentrations are fragmented.
  • Environmental risk assessment is crucial for regulatory decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing data on shale gas development impacts.
  • To assess environmental risks by comparing concentrations to standards.
  • To inform governmental decision-making on future exploration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of shale gas activities, emissions, and concentrations.
  • Comparison of monitored environmental concentrations with established quality standards.
  • Identification of data gaps and research needs.

Main Results:

  • Wide ranges in air and water concentrations were observed.
  • Wastewater treatment failures led to extreme contamination, exceeding Natural Background Values (NBVs) and Lowest Quality Standards (LQSs) significantly.
  • Aquatic ecotoxicological standards were surpassed by salts, metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and hydrocarbons.

Conclusions:

  • Shale gas development poses significant environmental risks, particularly from wastewater.
  • Further research is needed on emissions, standardized measurement techniques, and comprehensive risk assessments.
  • Improved wastewater management is critical to mitigate ecological harm.