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CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS AND ITS GENOTYPES AMONG CHILDREN ATTENDING MOI TEACHING AND REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN ELDORET, KENYA

C I Nyamwange, G Mkoji, S Mpoke

    East African Medical Journal
    |February 6, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Cryptosporidiosis affects nearly 10% of young children with diarrhea, with longer illness duration being a risk factor. Cryptosporidium hominis is the most common cause, suggesting human-to-human transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Cryptosporidiosis is a significant cause of diarrheal illness in young children worldwide.
    • Understanding the prevalence and transmission dynamics of Cryptosporidiosis is crucial for public health interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in children aged five years and under presenting with diarrhea.
    • To identify factors associated with cryptosporidiosis in this population.
    • To characterize the circulating Cryptosporidium species and subtypes.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective, cross-sectional, health facility and laboratory-based study was conducted.
    • Children aged five years and less with diarrhea were recruited after parental consent.
    • Cryptosporidium oocysts were screened, and isolates were genotyped and sub-typed.

    Main Results:

    • The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 9.8% among the study population.
    • Diarrhea lasting over two weeks was associated with cryptosporidiosis (OR = 1.8301).
    • Cryptosporidium hominis (82%) was the predominant species, followed by C. parvum (18%), with multiple subtypes of each identified.

    Conclusions:

    • The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in this cohort is comparable to global figures.
    • Human-to-human transmission is indicated as the primary mode of spread.
    • C. hominis and C. parvum are the main Cryptosporidium species circulating among children in peri-urban and rural areas.
    Abstract

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