Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microbial Growth Measurement: Indirect Methods01:27

Microbial Growth Measurement: Indirect Methods

2.3K
Estimating microbial growth is essential for understanding population dynamics and environmental adaptations. Indirect methods provide valuable insights by measuring parameters such as turbidity, metabolic activity, and biomass, enabling efficient and reproducible assessments.During exponential growth, microbial cells scatter light proportionally to their biomass, a principle used in turbidity measurements. About one million cells per milliliter produce detectable scattering, which a...
2.3K
Attachment01:20

Attachment

700
Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that...
700
Microbial Growth Measurement: Direct Methods01:23

Microbial Growth Measurement: Direct Methods

2.6K
Direct methods for measuring microbial populations in a culture are essential tools in microbiology, providing quantitative data for various applications. Among these, microscopic counts, plate counts, and serial dilution are widely used techniques, each with unique principles and applications.Microscopic CountsMicroscopic counting involves the use of a Petroff-Hausser chamber, a specialized microscope slide with a grid and defined depth. By observing a liquid culture under a microscope,...
2.6K
Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

359
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
359
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

18.0K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
18.0K
EDTA: Indirect and Alkalimetric Titration01:23

EDTA: Indirect and Alkalimetric Titration

2.2K
Unlike direct titration, back-titration, and displacement titration, indirect titration is an EDTA titration method for quantifying anions. In the indirect titration method, anions are precipitated as their insoluble salts with excess metal ions. The filtrate containing the excess metal ions is directly titrated with standard EDTA until the endpoint is achieved. Another approach involves extracting the metal ion and back-titrating with standard EDTA to obtain the endpoint. In this way, the...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Entrustment and Practice Readiness: Learner Experiences With Implementing Longitudinal Assessment Using Entrustable Professional Activities.

Journal of dental education·2026
Same author

Efficacy of 8% arginine associated with low-level laser therapy in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Lasers in medical science·2026
Same author

Determining Entrustment and Practice Readiness in Dental Education: Learner Samples.

Journal of dental education·2026
Same author

Feasibility of multisource CBCT for improving the predictability of dental implant primary stability compared to conventional CBCT.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Periodontal Manifestations of Systemic Diseases.

Journal of periodontal research·2025
Same author

How Are Entrustable Professional Activities Shaping the Future of Dental Education in the United States?

Journal of dental education·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro
14:49

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro

Published on: April 15, 2022

5.8K

Clinical attachment loss: estimation by direct and indirect methods.

Viviane Leal Barbosa1, Patricia D Melchiors Angst1, Amanda Finger Stadler1

  • 1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

International Dental Journal
|February 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The indirect method for measuring clinical attachment loss (CAL) overestimates results compared to direct measurement in periodontitis patients. Direct examination is recommended to reduce probing errors in clinical practice.

Keywords:
Periodontal diseasedental practicediagnosis

More Related Videos

Leaf Area Index Estimation Using Three Distinct Methods in Pure Deciduous Stands
09:04

Leaf Area Index Estimation Using Three Distinct Methods in Pure Deciduous Stands

Published on: August 29, 2019

14.3K
Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
07:26

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro
14:49

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro

Published on: April 15, 2022

5.8K
Leaf Area Index Estimation Using Three Distinct Methods in Pure Deciduous Stands
09:04

Leaf Area Index Estimation Using Three Distinct Methods in Pure Deciduous Stands

Published on: August 29, 2019

14.3K
Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
07:26

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Dental diagnostics

Background:

  • Clinical attachment loss (CAL) is a key indicator of periodontal disease progression.
  • Accurate CAL measurement is crucial for effective treatment planning and monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of direct (CALD) and indirect (CALI) methods for estimating CAL.
  • To identify factors influencing discrepancies between CALD and CALI.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of 75 periodontitis patients.
  • Periodontal examination including probing depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), CALD, and CALI (PPD + GR).
  • Statistical analysis of 4,757 sites with visible gingival recession.

Main Results:

  • The indirect method (CALI) overestimated CAL compared to the direct method (CALD) by 0.51 mm (P < 0.001).
  • Absence of gingival bleeding index (GBI) and bleeding on probing (BOP), higher PPD, and proximal site location influenced overestimation.
  • Each 1 mm increase in PPD led to a 0.38 mm increase in CAL with the indirect method.

Conclusions:

  • Direct measurement (CALD) is more appropriate for estimating CAL to minimize probing errors.
  • Understanding factors influencing CAL estimation is vital for accurate periodontal assessment.