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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
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Reason and Intuition01:37

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

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Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
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An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
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Serotonin promotes exploitation in complex environments by accelerating decision-making.

Shachar Iwanir1, Adam S Brown2, Stanislav Nagy1

  • 1The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

BMC Biology
|February 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Serotonin (5-HT) signaling in C. elegans enables rapid food discovery responses, improving foraging efficiency in complex environments. This neurotransmitter system is crucial for survival and decision-making in patchy resource landscapes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Rapid responses to resource availability confer a competitive advantage.
  • Serotonin (5-HT) signaling influences Caenorhabditis elegans locomotion but its role in food discovery is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of serotonergic signaling in C. elegans' response to food discovery.
  • To understand the mechanisms and fitness consequences of rapid foraging decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic and cellular manipulations in C. elegans.
  • Physiological imaging of neuronal activity.
  • Behavioral assays in patchy foraging environments.

Main Results:

  • 5-HT signaling mediates rapid responses to food discovery, enhancing exploitation in complex environments.
  • Deficient 5-HT signaling leads to slower responses and impaired foraging.
  • NSM and ADF serotonergic neurons, along with MOD-1 and SER-4, are key to accelerating decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • 5-HT signaling is implicated in a novel decision-making process with significant fitness consequences.
  • NSM and ADF neurons coordinate locomotion modulation for effective foraging.
  • Synergistic action of a chloride channel and a metabotropic receptor accelerates decision-making in C. elegans.