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[Not Available].

Alexandra Kautzky-Willer1

  • 1Gender Medicine Unit, Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie & Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich. alexandra.kautzky-willer@meduniwien.ac.at.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity affects both sexes globally, posing health challenges. While women may appear healthier when obese, their risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease escalates more sharply with increasing body mass index (BMI).

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Public Health
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Global obesity rates are rising, presenting significant challenges for healthcare systems and professionals.
  • Sex-based differences exist in fat distribution and metabolic profiles: women tend to have more subcutaneous fat and higher insulin sensitivity, whereas men accumulate more visceral and liver fat, increasing cardiovascular risk.
  • The metabolically healthy obese phenotype is more prevalent in women, but their risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases escalates more dramatically with increasing body mass index (BMI) compared to men.

Discussion:

  • Obese women experience a disproportionately higher burden of weight-related health issues, including a greater incidence of depression.
  • Psychosocial factors interact with biological predispositions, influencing the development and progression of obesity and its complications in both sexes.
  • This special journal edition focuses on sex and gender aspects in obesity prevention, treatment, and complication management, incorporating data from the Austrian population.

Key Insights:

  • Despite a higher prevalence of the metabolically healthy obese phenotype in women, they face a more pronounced increase in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk as BMI rises.
  • Obesity in women is associated with greater weight-related problems and higher rates of depression, leading to increased medical help-seeking behavior.
  • Understanding the interplay of biological and psychosocial factors is crucial for sex- and gender-specific obesity management.

Outlook:

  • Future research and clinical practice should integrate sex and gender considerations for more effective obesity prevention and treatment strategies.
  • The Austrian Gender Obesity Report will provide valuable population-specific data on sex and gender differences in obesity.
  • A comprehensive approach addressing both biological and psychosocial dimensions is essential for tackling the global obesity epidemic.