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Daniel M P Ardisson-Araújo1, Bruna T Pereira2, Fernando L Melo3

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Entomology

Background:

  • A betabaculovirus, Diatraea saccharalis granulovirus (DisaGV), was isolated from Diatraea saccharalis, a significant pest in Brazilian sugarcane and monocot crops.
  • Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a major insect pest impacting agricultural production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the complete genome sequence of DisaGV.
  • To analyze the genomic content and phylogenetic position of DisaGV within the Betabaculovirus genus.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing using 454-pyrosequencing.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of the genome, including gene prediction and phylogenetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • DisaGV possesses a genome of 98,392 bp, the smallest reported for a lepidopteran-infecting baculovirus.
  • The genome encodes 125 putative open reading frames (ORFs), including all 37 core baculovirus genes and 19 betabaculovirus-specific genes.
  • Thirteen novel putative genes were identified, alongside a G protein-coupled receptor and a gp64 homolog, likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer from alphabaculoviruses.

Conclusions:

  • DisaGV represents a unique lineage within the Betabaculovirus genus, closely related to the CpGV group.
  • The DisaGV genome is the smallest characterized to date for this group of viruses.
  • The presence of a gp64 homolog, previously only found in Group 1 alphabaculoviruses, is a significant finding.