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Related Experiment Video

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Preparing Developing Peripheral Olfactory Tissue for Molecular and Immunohistochemical Analysis in Drosophila

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Published on: June 13, 2018

An accelerated miRNA-based screen implicates Atf-3 in Drosophila odorant receptor expression.

Shreelatha Bhat¹, Walton D Jones¹

¹Lab for Behavioral Neurobiology, KAIST Biological Sciences, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.

Scientific Reports

|February 6, 2016

Summary

Researchers identified a new gene, Atf3, involved in the Drosophila olfactory system. This discovery aids in understanding how specific odorant receptors are expressed in olfactory sensory neurons.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Molecular Biology

Background:

The Drosophila olfactory system exhibits a highly stereotyped organization, with olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) expressing specific odorant receptors (ORs) consistently located and projecting to defined glomeruli in the antennal lobe.
While transcription factors are known to play a role in specifying OR expression and OSN identity, numerous other regulatory factors remain undiscovered.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel two-tiered screening approach for identifying genes involved in olfactory system development and function.
To uncover novel regulators of odorant receptor expression in Drosophila.

Main Methods:

A primary screen utilized tissue-specific microRNA (miRNA) overexpression in a pooled manner to identify candidate genes.
A secondary screen employed gene-specific RNA interference (RNAi) to validate findings from the miRNA screen, leveraging sequence-dependent miRNA-target interactions.
This approach used miRNAs as tools to refine a traditional RNAi screen, mitigating challenges associated with genome-wide screening and potential non-biological miRNA-target relationships.

Main Results:

The two-tiered screening strategy successfully identified a previously unrecognized role for the transcription factor Atf3.
Atf3 was found to be involved in the regulation of odorant receptor Or47b expression within the Drosophila olfactory system.

Conclusions:

The developed two-tiered screening method is effective for discovering genes regulating complex biological processes like neuronal identity and receptor expression.
The identification of Atf3 highlights its importance in the combinatorial code governing olfactory receptor expression in Drosophila, opening new avenues for research into olfactory system development.