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Prevalence and prognostic impact of kidney disease on heart failure patients

Ida Löfman1, Karolina Szummer1, Inger Hagerman1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Huddinge, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Open Heart
|February 6, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Kidney dysfunction is prevalent in heart failure patients and significantly increases mortality risk. This association remains strong across various patient subgroups and after adjusting for other health factors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a complex condition with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Kidney dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing HF outcomes.
  • Understanding the prevalence and impact of kidney dysfunction in HF is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of varying degrees of kidney dysfunction in a large heart failure population.
  • To examine the association between kidney dysfunction and short-term and long-term outcomes in heart failure patients.
  • To assess the contribution of cardiac conditions to the prognostic value of kidney dysfunction in heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 47,716 patients from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry.
  • Stratification of patients into five renal function groups based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
  • Utilized Cox regression to analyze the adjusted association between kidney function and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 51% of patients had eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m², with 11% having eGFR <30.
  • A consistent increase in mortality was observed with decreasing kidney function.
  • The elevated risk of mortality associated with kidney dysfunction persisted after adjusting for age, diabetes, NYHA class, HF duration, and hemoglobin levels.

Conclusions:

  • Kidney dysfunction is common in heart failure patients and strongly linked to adverse outcomes.
  • The association between kidney dysfunction and poor outcomes is robust across diverse patient characteristics and disease severity.
  • Kidney function is an independent prognostic marker in heart failure.
Abstract

Keywords:
HEART FAILUREKIDNEY DISEASEPROGNOSIS

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