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Magnetic Corrections to the Soft Photon Theorem.

Andrew Strominger1

  • 1Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Corrections to the soft photon theorem are necessary for particles with magnetic charges. This research reveals new magnetic symmetries and charges, extending previous findings on electric symmetries in gauge theories.

Area of Science:

  • Theoretical particle physics
  • Quantum field theory
  • Gauge theories

Background:

  • The standard soft photon theorem applies to particles without magnetic charges.
  • Previous work identified infinite conserved electric charges and large electric gauge symmetries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate corrections to the soft photon theorem for magnetic charges.
  • To identify new conserved charges and symmetries associated with magnetic charges.

Main Methods:

  • Deduction of corrections using electromagnetic duality.
  • Analysis of soft theorems in Abelian gauge theories.

Main Results:

  • Magnetic charges necessitate corrections to the standard soft photon theorem.

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  • A second infinity of conserved magnetic charges and large magnetic gauge symmetries are identified.
  • These magnetic symmetries are shown to be part of a complexification of electric symmetries.

    • Conclusions:

    • The soft photon theorem requires magnetic charge corrections for broader applicability.
    • New magnetic symmetries and charges are discovered, enriching the understanding of gauge theories.
    • The findings suggest a unified framework for electric and magnetic symmetries.