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Brain biocompatibility and microglia response towards engineered self-assembling (RADA)4 nanoscaffolds.

K M Koss¹, M A Churchward², A T Nguyen³

¹Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 11487-89 Ave., Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2M7; National Institute for Nanotechnology, NRC, 11421 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2M9.

Acta Biomaterialia

|February 7, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

RADA)4 nanoscaffolds are biocompatible for brain tissue engineering. They do not harm microglia or astrocytes in vitro or in vivo, making them suitable for localized delivery.

Keywords:

Biocompatibility Brain tissue Microglia Nanoscaffold Neural tissue engineering Primary cell culture Self-assembling peptides

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Cultivation of Human Neural Progenitor Cells in a 3-dimensional Self-assembling Peptide Hydrogel

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Neuroscience
Tissue Engineering

Background:

Self-assembling nanoscaffolds offer advantages for tissue engineering, including ease of synthesis and customization.
Limited data exists on the brain tissue biocompatibility of (RADA)4 nanoscaffolds, particularly concerning glial cell responses.
Glial cell response is critical for regulating host reactions in neural tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of (RADA)4 and (RADA)4-IKVAV nanoscaffolds in brain tissue.
To assess the effect of these nanoscaffolds on primary microglia and glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) in culture and in vivo.
To determine if the laminin-derived IKVAV peptide influences glial responses to the nanoscaffolds.

Main Methods:

Primary microglia were cultured with (RADA)4 and (RADA)4-IKVAV nanoscaffolds.
In vitro assays included TNF-α, IL-1β, NO, and MTT to assess microglia activation, inflammation, and viability.
In vivo studies involved intracerebral injection of nanoscaffolds to evaluate glial scarring, axonal injury, and glial cell migration/proliferation.

Main Results:

Microglia cultured with nanoscaffolds remained ramified and viable, with evidence of phagocytosis without activation.
Intracerebral injection of nanoscaffolds did not induce microglia migration, proliferation, glial scarring, or axonal injury.
The IKVAV peptide did not significantly alter microglia activation or astrogliosis.

Conclusions:

(RADA)4 nanoscaffolds demonstrate excellent biocompatibility with brain tissue, showing no adverse effects on microglia and astrocytes.
These nanoscaffolds are suitable for localized injection as a tunable platform device.
The material is expected to be cleared without detrimental effects on resident microglia, positioning it as a promising tool for neural tissue engineering.