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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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[DOHaD: long-term impact of perinatal diseases (IUGR and prematurity)]

Laurent Storme1, Dominique Luton2, Latifa Abdennebi-Najar3

  • 1EA4489, environnement périnatal et santé, faculté de médecine, université Lille 2, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, 1, rue Eugène Avinée, Lille, France.

Medecine Sciences : M/S
|February 7, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Premature birth, not intrauterine growth restriction, independently increases adult risk for chronic diseases like hypertension and neurodevelopmental issues. Prevention strategies for perinatal programming of noncommunicable diseases are discussed.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Developmental Biology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Early epidemiological studies linked low birth weight to adult chronic diseases without differentiating causes.
  • Low birth weight can stem from prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or both.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the distinct roles of prematurity and IUGR in programming adult chronic diseases.
  • To explore the mechanisms and prevention of noncommunicable diseases programmed during the perinatal period.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data and mechanistic studies on perinatal factors influencing adult health.
  • Analysis of distinct health outcomes associated with premature birth versus IUGR.

Main Results:

  • Prematurity is an independent risk factor for adult chronic diseases, including hypertension and neurodevelopmental/psychiatric issues.
  • Adults born prematurely do not exhibit an increased risk for metabolic syndrome (obesity, dyslipidemia) unlike those born with IUGR.
  • Mechanisms involve perinatal factors like infection, inflammation, placental insufficiency, and subsequent therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Prematurity and IUGR have differential impacts on the long-term health of adults.
  • Understanding these distinct pathways is crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies against noncommunicable diseases programmed perinatally.

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