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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Long non-coding RNA PVT1 and cancer.

Ming Cui1, Lei You1, Xiaoxia Ren1

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union, Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|February 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) like PVT1 play a role in cancer. While PVT1 shows oncogenic potential, its specific cancer mechanisms require further investigation for therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
CancerLong non-coding RNAsPVT1Tumorigenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Genome-wide sequencing reveals non-coding RNAs' crucial role in cancer.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) functions in cancer remain under-characterized.
  • PVT1, a lncRNA at the cancer-associated 8q24 locus, interacts with MYC and influences DNA rearrangements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms of PVT1 in cancer.
  • To explore PVT1's potential as an oncogene across various cancer types.
  • To understand the role of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PVT1's molecular mechanisms (DNA rearrangements, microRNA encoding, MYC interaction).
  • Review of studies associating PVT1 with different cancer types.
  • Exploration of PVT1's oncogenic potential.

Main Results:

  • PVT1 is implicated as a potential oncogene in multiple cancers.
  • PVT1 exhibits diverse molecular actions relevant to cancer biology.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms driving PVT1's role in cancer are not yet fully elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • PVT1's oncogenic role in cancer warrants further mechanistic studies.
  • Understanding PVT1's function is crucial for developing novel cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Further research on PVT1 will enhance knowledge of lncRNA involvement in tumorigenesis.