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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Structural Information from Single-molecule FRET Experiments Using the Fast Nano-positioning System
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Characterizing 3D RNA structure by single molecule FRET.

James D Stephenson1, Julia C Kenyon2, Martyn F Symmons3

  • 1NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|February 9, 2016
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Summary

Determining RNA

Keywords:
3D modelFRETFluorescenceRNA structureSingle-molecule

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biophysics

Background:

  • Elucidating RNA's three-dimensional structure is crucial for understanding its function.
  • Traditional methods like NMR and X-ray crystallography face limitations with long RNA molecules.
  • Single molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) offers a viable alternative for studying RNA structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the methodology for generating three-dimensional RNA structures using smFRET data.
  • To bridge the gap between biochemical probing and computational modeling for RNA structure determination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing single molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to probe RNA structure.
  • Biochemical methods for secondary structure analysis.
  • Computational refinement techniques for 3D model generation.

Main Results:

  • smFRET enables probing of native RNA sequences under physiological conditions.
  • The method allows for simultaneous analysis of multiple RNA conformations.
  • A comprehensive workflow from biochemical data to refined 3D structural models is presented.

Conclusions:

  • smFRET is a powerful technique for RNA structure elucidation.
  • This review provides a guide to generating 3D RNA models from smFRET data.
  • The described approach overcomes limitations of traditional structural biology methods for RNA.