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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Retinal and Choroidal Thickness Changes in Populations with Helicobacter pylori Infection by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
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Gastric Helicobacter pylori Infection Affects Local and Distant Microbial Populations and Host Responses
Sabine Kienesberger1, Laura M Cox2, Alexandra Livanos3
1Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, USA; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8043, Austria.
Abstract:
Helicobacter pylori is a late-in-life human pathogen with potential early-life benefits. Although H. pylori is disappearing from the human population, little is known about the influence of H. pylori on the host's microbiota and immunity. Studying the interactions of H. pylori with murine hosts over 6 months, we found stable colonization accompanied by gastric histologic and antibody responses. Analysis of gastric and pulmonary tissues revealed increased expression of multiple immune response genes, conserved across mice and over time in the stomach and more transiently in the lungs. Moreover, H. pylori infection led to significantly different population structures in both the gastric and intestinal microbiota. These studies indicate that H. pylori influences the microbiota and host immune responses not only locally in the stomach, but distantly as well, affecting important target organs.
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