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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
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The relationship between visual attention and visual working memory encoding: A dissociation between covert and overt

A Caglar Tas1, Steven J Luck2, Andrew Hollingworth3

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|February 9, 2016
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Summary

Visual attention and visual working memory (VWM) are distinct systems. Overt attention shifts (saccades) disrupt VWM, while covert attention does not, challenging unified system theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Debate exists on whether visual working memory (VWM) and visual attention are unified or distinct systems.
  • Understanding their relationship is crucial for cognitive theories of perception and memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of overt and covert attention shifts on the encoding of objects into VWM.
  • To determine if attentional orienting behaviors differentially affect VWM performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a color change-detection task while a secondary object was presented during the retention interval.
  • Experimental conditions involved either overt shifts of gaze (saccades) or covert shifts of attention to the secondary object.

Main Results:

  • Saccades to the irrelevant object significantly interfered with VWM performance.
  • Covert shifts of attention to the irrelevant object did not interfere with VWM performance.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that VWM and visual attention are dissociable systems.
  • The memorial demands of orienting behavior, specifically saccades, influence the interaction between attention and VWM.