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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

34
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to...
34
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

203
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
203
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems

130
Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
130
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

102
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
102
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

113
Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
113
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

214
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
214

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Development of Amelogenin-chitosan Hydrogel for In Vitro Enamel Regrowth with a Dense Interface
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Rechargeable anticandidal denture material with sustained release in saliva.

A Malakhov1,2, J Wen3, B-X Zhang1,2

  • 1Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, Audie L Murphy Division, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Oral Diseases
|February 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new denture material (PMMA-g-PNVP) effectively releases the antifungal drug miconazole in human saliva for up to 30 days. This material shows promise for managing denture stomatitis, with recharged disks maintaining antifungal activity.

Keywords:
Candida-associated denture stomatitisantifungal treatmentdrug deliveryrechargeable biomaterial

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Mycology
  • Dental Materials

Background:

  • Denture stomatitis, caused by Candida, is a common issue for denture wearers.
  • Previous research developed a denture material releasing antifungals in saline.
  • This study evaluates drug release and bioactivity in a more clinically relevant saliva environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess miconazole release and bioactivity from a novel denture material (PMMA-g-PNVP) under simulated oral conditions.
  • To investigate the effect of saliva concentration on drug release and solubility.
  • To evaluate the potential for recharging the denture material with antifungals.

Main Methods:

  • Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) (PNVP) was grafted onto poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) via plasma initiation, creating PMMA-g-PNVP.
  • Miconazole-loaded disks were immersed in varying concentrations of human saliva at 37°C for up to 30 days.
  • Miconazole release was quantified using HPLC, and its anticandidal bioactivity was tested against Candida isolates. Rechargeability was also assessed.

Main Results:

  • Miconazole was released from PMMA-g-PNVP disks for up to 30 days in human saliva.
  • Increased saliva concentration enhanced miconazole release and solubility.
  • Released miconazole retained its anticandidal activity, and disks could be recharged with miconazole or chlorhexidine, restoring bioactivity.

Conclusions:

  • PMMA-g-PNVP demonstrates sustained antifungal drug release and bioactivity in human saliva.
  • The material's rechargeability offers a potential for long-term management of denture stomatitis.
  • This novel denture material shows significant promise for clinical application in preventing and treating oral candidiasis.