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Depicting as a method of communication.

Herbert H Clark¹

¹Stanford University.

Psychological Review

|February 9, 2016

Summary

People communicate not only by describing and pointing but also by depicting actions and scenes using their bodies and voices. This study proposes "staging theory," explaining depiction as creating physical scenes for imagination, crucial for complete communication models.

Area of Science:

Cognitive Science
Linguistics
Communication Studies

Background:

Everyday communication involves describing, pointing, and depicting actions or scenes.
Depicting utilizes gestures, facial expressions, voice, and body movements, often with props.
Existing language processing models often overlook the role of depiction.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and define "staging theory" as a framework for understanding depiction.
To propose that depicting is a fundamental communication method on par with describing and pointing.
To highlight the necessity of incorporating depiction into comprehensive language processing models.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis and theoretical proposal based on observations of everyday communication.

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Drawing parallels between everyday depictions, children's make-believe play, and theatrical staging.

Analyzing the functional principles of depiction in contrast to description and pointing.

Main Results:

Depicting involves staging physical scenes that enable others to imagine those scenes.
Staging theory accounts for various features of everyday depictions, including gestures and play.
Depictions are integral to everyday utterances but are currently excluded from standard language models.

Conclusions:

Depicting is a basic, distinct communication method that requires theoretical and empirical attention.
Staging theory provides a novel framework for understanding how physical scenes facilitate imagination.
Complete models of language processing must integrate the mechanisms of depicting alongside describing and pointing.