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FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION: ARE WE WINNING?

O N Makinde1, J B E Elusiyan, A B Adeyemi

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Perinatology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

East African Medical Journal
|February 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Female genital mutilation (FGM) remains highly prevalent in Southwest Nigeria, with most procedures occurring before age one. Deep-rooted socio-cultural factors hinder efforts to eradicate this harmful practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Women's Health
  • Medical Anthropology

Background:

  • Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a harmful traditional practice with significant health consequences.
  • Despite decades of intervention, FGM persists in many regions, including Nigeria.
  • Socio-cultural factors are deeply entrenched, posing challenges to eradication efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of female genital mutilation (FGM) in Southwest Nigeria.
  • To profile trends and characteristics of FGM-affected patients.
  • To assess the impact of long-standing efforts to curtail FGM.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving direct observation of external genitalia by healthcare workers.
  • Study conducted in the pediatric and gynecological wards of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

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  • Data collected from 565 females under 15 years of age during 2007.

    • Main Results:

    • 41.9% of examined patients had undergone female genital mutilation (FGM).
    • 93.2% of FGM procedures occurred before the age of one year.
    • Type 2 FGM was predominant (58.22%), often performed by traditional birth attendants, with mothers and grandmothers influencing the decision in 78% of cases. Immediate complications were noted in 35.4% of cases, with tradition cited as the primary reason in 59.1%.

    Conclusions:

    • Female genital mutilation (FGM) remains highly prevalent and resistant to change in Southwest Nigeria.
    • Deep-rooted socio-cultural factors significantly contribute to the persistence of FGM.
    • Public education campaigns emphasizing health impacts and human rights violations are crucial for evolving strategies against FGM.