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Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
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Inhibitory control and the speech patterns of second language users.

Malgorzata Korko1, Simon A Williams2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, UK.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|February 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Inhibitory control (IC) impacts second language (L2) speech fluency. Poorer IC predicts more speech reformulations and longer silent pauses in L2 speakers, suggesting a link between cognitive control and spoken language production.

Keywords:
disfluencyfluencyinhibitory controlsecond languagespeech production

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Second Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Inhibitory control (IC) is crucial for cognitive tasks, including bilingual language processing.
  • Previous research often used single-word paradigms to study IC in bilinguals.
  • This study investigates IC's role in extended L2 speech, focusing on disfluencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between individual differences in IC and L2 speech patterns.
  • To determine if IC predicts specific types of disfluencies in second language learners.
  • To explore the role of cognitive control in fluent L2 speech production.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed inhibitory control using the Stroop task.
  • Analyzed L2 spoken output for disfluencies, including reformulations, repetitions, filled pauses, and silent pauses.
  • Employed regression analyses, controlling for age and L2 proficiency.

Main Results:

  • Inhibitory control accuracy predicted the occurrence of reformulations in L2 speech.
  • IC predicted the frequency and duration of silent pauses in L2 speakers.
  • No significant relationship was found between IC and repetitions, filled pauses, or performance errors.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibitory control is a significant cognitive factor influencing L2 spoken fluency.
  • IC predicts specific disfluencies like reformulations and silent pauses.
  • Further qualitative research is recommended to understand L2 speakers' reliance on IC.