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Related Concept Videos

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Vaccine Production01:23

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Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Vaccines01:21

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Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Utilizing the Antigen Capsid-Incorporation Strategy for the Development of Adenovirus Serotype 5-Vectored Vaccine Approaches
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Gavi's Transition Policy: Moving From Development Assistance To Domestic Financing Of Immunization Programs.

Judith Kallenberg1, Wilson Mok2, Robert Newman3

  • 1Judith Kallenberg (jkallenberg@gavi.org) is head of policy at Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, in Geneva, Switzerland.

Health Affairs (Project Hope)
|February 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, supports lower-income countries with new vaccines. Countries transitioning off Gavi funding must develop domestic financing to sustain immunization programs.

Keywords:
Development financingGaviSustainabilityTransition policyVaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Vaccinology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, was established in 2000 to increase access to new and underused vaccines in low-income nations.
  • Between 2000 and 2015, over seventy countries received Gavi support, leading to significant vaccine uptake.
  • Gavi's model involves phasing out support as countries' economies improve, necessitating a transition to domestic funding for immunization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the challenges faced by countries transitioning away from Gavi support.
  • To analyze the evolution of Gavi's policies in managing transition risks.
  • To identify lessons learned from the Gavi transition process for sustainable immunization financing.

Main Methods:

  • Policy analysis of Gavi's evolving strategies.
  • Review of country experiences transitioning from Gavi support.
  • Assessment of challenges in shifting from development assistance to domestic financing for immunization.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen countries are set to transition off Gavi funding between 2016 and 2020.
  • Successful transition requires governments to assume financial responsibility for immunization programs.
  • Gavi's policies have adapted to mitigate risks associated with this funding transition.

Conclusions:

  • Ensuring the long-term sustainability of immunization programs is critical post-Gavi support.
  • Government commitment to domestic financing is vital for sustained impact of Gavi investments.
  • Lessons learned from Gavi transitions can inform future global health financing strategies.