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Related Experiment Video

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Inbreeding drives maize centromere evolution.

Kevin L Schneider1, Zidian Xie1, Thomas K Wolfgruber1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inbreeding drives the loss of CentC DNA repeats at maize centromeres, leading to neocentromere formation. This process is linked to selection for genes important in maize domestication and agriculture.

Keywords:
centromere drivecentromere paradoxfounder effecthemicentric inversionlinkage disequilibrium

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics
  • Plant Biology

Background:

  • Centromeres are crucial for cell division, marked by cenH3 histone and tandem DNA repeats.
  • Maize centromeres typically feature large arrays of the CentC tandem DNA repeat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the link between inbreeding and centromere DNA repeat loss in maize.
  • Determine the impact of CentC loss on neocentromere formation and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed CentC repeat content and cenH3 distribution across 23 diverse maize inbred lines.
  • Examined evidence for inbreeding effects, including genetic bottlenecks, selection signatures, and haplotype diversity.

Main Results:

  • Partial or complete loss of CentC repeats precedes neocentromere formation in maize.
  • CentC loss is strongly correlated with inbreeding, particularly in temperate maize lineages.
  • Selection for centromere-linked genes during domestication reduced centromeric diversity and promoted CentC loss.

Conclusions:

  • Inbreeding, driven by selection for agriculturally important traits, causes the replacement of tandem centromere repeats in maize.
  • This mechanism may be a significant factor in centromere evolution and speciation in crops and natural systems.