Evaluating the hand: issues in reliability and validity

Evaluation of hand function is a qualitative and quantitative process. This article provides a review of several quantitative tests and measures used to evaluate range of motion, edema, muscle performance, sensation, dexterity, and physical capacity. The validity and reliability of these instruments are emphasized. Some of the hand assessments reviewed are in the early developmental phase with further refinements yet to come. This article demonstrates the continued need to provide support for the validity and reliability of hand-assessment instrumentation. Regardless of the statistical support provided, however, the authors believe that hand therapy will remain an art as well as a science.