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Rewilding is the new Pandora's box in conservation
David Nogués-Bravo1, Daniel Simberloff2, Carsten Rahbek3
1Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate Change, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, København, Denmark.
Current Biology : CB
|February 10, 2016
Summary
Rewilding efforts, aimed at restoring ecosystems via species reintroduction, face challenges due to a lack of scientific consensus and unpredictable ecological consequences. Caution and further research are crucial for understanding rewilding
Area of Science:
- Ecology
- Conservation Biology
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Rewilding, involving ecosystem restoration through species (re)introduction, is proposed to combat biodiversity loss and enhance ecosystem services.
- It may also foster public engagement with biodiversity conservation.
- However, the ecological basis and definition of rewilding are debated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically assess the scientific consensus and ecological assumptions underpinning rewilding.
- To examine the predictability of ecological consequences from species introductions.
- To evaluate the potential risks and challenges associated with rewilding initiatives.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of scientific understanding regarding rewilding.
- Analysis of ecological assumptions, including top-down ecosystem control.
- Examination of case studies involving species introductions and reintroductions.
Main Results:
- A significant lack of consensus exists regarding the definition and scope of rewilding.
- Scientific support for key ecological assumptions, such as trophic cascades, is limited.
- Ecological systems are dynamic, making the prediction of novel species' impacts difficult; failed introductions can have severe negative consequences and are costly to manage.
Conclusions:
- There is a need for greater scientific clarity and caution in rewilding practices.
- Understanding the complexities and potential negative ecological outcomes is paramount.
- Further research is required to ensure rewilding strategies are ecologically sound and effective.
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