[PARAMETERS OF SPERMATOGENESIS IN MEN EXPOSED TO DIFFICULT ENVIRONMENTS]

This study was aimed to the comparison of the effects of various unfavorable factors on spermatogenesis and the level of free radical oxidation in the ejaculate. 40 men of reproductive age who visited doctor for lack of children within 2-3 years of marriage were examined. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the action of the unfavorable factors: the oil and gas industry workers, workers of radio-location and television and radio broadcasting facilities, creative workers, the unemployed and low-income people. The control group consisted of physically healthy men of similar age who had children within marriage. The malondialdehyde levels in the ejaculate and morphokinetic parameters of sperm cells were assessed. Natural gas and oil-dissolved gas were the most toxic against fertilizing properties of the ejaculate, they led to sharp decline in sperm concentration and motility of sperm cells by reducing the active mobile forms in oil and gas industry workers. In workers of radio-location and television and radio broadcasting facilities, essential modifications of sperm cell morphology were caused by mechanical damage of the microwave radiation. In creative workers suppression of spermatogenesis had complex nature due to the enhanced dynamics of free-radical oxidation, as well as the participation of the central regulatory mechanisms. The unemployed and low-income people with hyponutrition and malnutrition had suppression of spermatogenesis caused by a lack of biological resources necessary to maintain spermatogenesis and provide reliable antioxidant protection. There was an increase in the dynamics of aging of sperm cells. Thus, the intensity of lipid peroxidation, as well as the nature and direction of specific unfavorable factor determine the cumulative effect of the toxicity of this factor and the fertilizing capacity of the ejaculate.