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Functional roles of low calorie sweeteners on gut function
A C Meyer-Gerspach1, B Wölnerhanssen2, C Beglinger3
1Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, and University of Basel, Switzerland.
Physiology & Behavior
|February 11, 2016
Summary
Low calorie sweeteners impact gut functions by interacting with the sweet taste receptor system. This review examines their effects on gut peptide secretion, gastric emptying, and glucose absorption.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Endocrinology
- Nutrition Science
Background:
- Low calorie sweeteners are widely used in food and beverages.
- Their impact on gut physiology is an area of growing research interest.
- The gut sweet taste receptor (T1R2/T1R3) plays a role in nutrient sensing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of low calorie sweeteners on gut functions.
- To focus on the role of the gut sweet taste receptor system.
- To examine impacts on gut peptide secretion, gastric emptying, and glucose absorption.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating low calorie sweeteners and gut function.
- Analysis of research on fructose and non-nutritive low calorie sweeteners.
- Focus on mechanisms involving the gut sweet taste receptor.
Main Results:
- Low calorie sweeteners can modulate the secretion of gut peptides involved in glycemic control and appetite.
- Effects on gastric emptying and glucose absorption vary depending on the specific sweetener.
- The gut sweet taste receptor system is a key mediator of these effects.
Conclusions:
- Low calorie sweeteners exert significant effects on gut functions.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for managing metabolic health and appetite.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the long-term implications.
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