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Children with recurrent pneumonia and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

Maria Francesca Patria1, Benedetta Longhi2, Mara Lelii3

  • 1Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy. f.patria@policlinico.mi.it.

Italian Journal of Pediatrics
|February 11, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with recurrent pneumonia (RP) and lower FEV1/FEF25-75 lung function may have an increased risk of non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis (BE). Spirometry may aid in early non-CF BE suspicion in pediatric RP cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Recurrent pneumonia (RP) is a common cause of pediatric non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis (BE).
  • RP can lead to accelerated lung function decline in children.
  • Early identification of non-CF BE in children with RP is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical factors for early suspicion of non-CF BE in children with RP.
  • To analyze demographic, clinical, and lung function data of children with RP.
  • To investigate the association between RP and the development of non-CF BE.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 42 pediatric patients with RP.
  • Inclusion of patients with and without non-CF BE diagnosed via high-resolution computed tomography.
  • Recording of demographic, clinical data, and lung function test results (spirometry).

Main Results:

  • 42 patients with RP were analyzed; 21 had non-CF BE, 21 did not.
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis with post-nasal drip and recurrent wheezing were common in both groups.
  • Significantly lower FEV1 and FEF25-75 values were observed in children with non-CF BE compared to those without.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced FEV1 and FEF25-75 values are associated with an increased risk of non-CF BE in children with RP.
  • Spirometry may be a useful diagnostic tool for early non-CF BE detection in pediatric RP.
  • Further research is recommended to confirm the diagnostic utility of spirometry in these cases.
Abstract

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