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Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
Published on: April 6, 2017
Inhaled Biologics: From Preclinical to Product Approval
Kristin Fathe, Silvia Ferrati, Daniel Moraga-Espinoza
1Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA. hugh.smyth@austin.utexas.edu.
Background:
Delivery of pharmacologically active compounds to the lung for systemic effects is well known and recently has entered a new era with several products achieving regulatory approval. This review focuses on the barriers to pulmonary delivery of biologics.
Methods:
Lessons learned from the development of recently approved products will be reviewed to shed light on the current challenges that are faced when developing biological products for inhaled delivery.
Results:
The text and tables presented herein consolidate the current data and ongoing research regarding biological, inhaled products.
Conclusion:
With this basis, we also review the future prospects for pulmonary delivery of biologics for systemic delivery and how the biological and physical barriers may be overcome.
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