ApoCanD: Database of human apoptotic proteins in the context of cancer

Rahul Kumar1, Gajendra P S Raghava1

  • 1Bioinformatics Centre, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.

Scientific Reports
|February 11, 2016
PubMed

Insights

A new database, ApoCanD, catalogs 82 apoptosis proteins crucial for understanding cancer progression. It reveals TP53 and MYD88 as frequently mutated cancer proteins, aiding cancer research.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Apoptosis is a critical cellular process influencing cancer progression.
  • An inverse relationship exists between cancer progression and apoptosis rates.
  • Apoptosis proteins are key targets for developing novel anticancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive database of apoptosis proteins in the context of cancer.
  • To provide crucial genomic and functional information for 82 apoptosis proteins.
  • To facilitate research in apoptosis and cancer by offering a centralized data resource.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of data for 82 apoptosis proteins.
  • Inclusion of genomic status: mutation, copy number variation, and expression data.
  • Integration of gene essentiality, tertiary structure, sequence profiles, and post-translational modifications.

Main Results:

  • Development of the ApoCanD database, a dedicated resource for apoptosis proteins.
  • Identification of TP53 and MYD88 as the most frequently mutated proteins in cancer.
  • Inclusion of diverse data types to enhance utility for researchers.

Conclusions:

  • The ApoCanD database provides valuable information on apoptosis proteins and their role in cancer.
  • This resource is expected to significantly aid researchers in the fields of apoptosis and cancer.
  • A user-friendly web interface enhances accessibility and usability of the ApoCanD database.

Related Concept Videos

Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
16.8K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
9.1K
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
9.2K
Caspases01:24

Caspases

Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
14.5K
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
55.5K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
6.2K