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Novel foot-and-mouth disease virus in Korea, July-August 2014

Jong-Hyeon Park1, Dongseob Tark1, Kwang-Nyeong Lee1

  • 1Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea.

Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
|February 12, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) type O re-emerged in South Korea in 2014 despite vaccination. The new strain, a Southeast Asian topotype virus, showed low pathogenicity and genetic differences.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Nation-wide immunization against Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) types O, A, and Asia 1 was implemented in the Republic of Korea.
  • Despite vaccination efforts, FMD type O re-emerged in July 2014, after a 3-year and 3-month disease-free period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the re-emergent FMD virus type O in the Republic of Korea.
  • To understand the genetic and pathogenic properties of the new FMDV strain.

Main Methods:

  • Viral sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to determine the origin and relationship of the re-emergent virus.
  • Pathogenicity assessment of the isolated virus.

Main Results:

  • The re-emergent FMD virus was identified as a Mya-98 strain belonging to the Southeast Asian topotype.
  • Phylogenetic analysis indicated the virus was most similar to strains circulating in East Asia in 2014.
  • The virus exhibited a novel deletion of 23 amino acids in the 3A/3B1 region and demonstrated low pathogenic properties.

Conclusions:

  • The re-emergence of FMD type O in South Korea was attributed to a new viral strain with distinct genetic characteristics.
  • The low pathogenicity of this strain may have implications for disease surveillance and control strategies.
  • Continuous monitoring and updated vaccination strategies are crucial for FMD prevention.
Keywords:
Foot-and-mouth diseaseKoreaSequence deletionVaccination

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