Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

53.6K
Overview
53.6K
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

1.1K
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
1.1K
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

41
Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
41
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

2.8K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
2.8K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

1.4K
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
1.4K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

17.8K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
17.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Successful control of epidemic diphtheria in the states of the Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: lessons learned.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2000
Same author

Role of health communications in Russia's diphtheria immunization program.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2000
Same author

Should measles be eradicated?

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·1998
Same author

Safety, effectiveness and ease of use of a non-reusable syringe in a developing country immunization programme.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·1995
Same author

Neonatal tetanus mortality in coastal Kenya: a community survey.

International journal of epidemiology·1993
Same author

Maternal tetanus: magnitude, epidemiology and potential control measures.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·1993
Same journal

Prevalence and Health System Determinants Of Uptake Of Three Or More Doses Of Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine For Intermittent Preventive Treatment Of Malaria During Pregnancy.

East African medical journal·2025
Same journal

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN QUALITY OF INTRAPARTUM CARE WITH FRESH STILLBIRTH IN A LOW-INCOME URBAN SETTING.

East African medical journal·2023
Same journal

NATIONAL HIV TESTING CAMPAIGNS TO SUPPORT UNAIDS 90-90-90 AGENDA: A LESSON FROM KENYA.

East African medical journal·2023
Same journal

TRANSLATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE COMPREHENSIBILITY OF A LUGANDA VERSION OF ORAL MUCOSITIS DAILY QUESTIONNAIRE.

East African medical journal·2022
Same journal

FIRST- LINE ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT FAILURE IN EAST AFRICAN CHILDREN.

East African medical journal·2022
Same journal

ASSESSMENT OF THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AMONGST THE BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS IN ADJUMANI DISTRICT, WEST NILE.

East African medical journal·2018
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen
07:44

Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen

Published on: May 12, 2023

1.7K

IMMUNISATION TRAINING NEEDS IN MALAWI.

A Y Tsega, H T Hausi, R Steinglass

    East African Medical Journal
    |February 12, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Malawi

    More Related Videos

    Inoculating Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes with Beads to Induce and Measure the Melanization Immune Response
    08:24

    Inoculating Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes with Beads to Induce and Measure the Melanization Immune Response

    Published on: January 12, 2017

    8.4K
    Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
    09:07

    Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

    Published on: June 24, 2025

    625

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 26, 2026

    Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen
    07:44

    Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen

    Published on: May 12, 2023

    1.7K
    Inoculating Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes with Beads to Induce and Measure the Melanization Immune Response
    08:24

    Inoculating Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes with Beads to Induce and Measure the Melanization Immune Response

    Published on: January 12, 2017

    8.4K
    Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
    09:07

    Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

    Published on: June 24, 2025

    625

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Medical Education
    • Vaccination Programs

    Background:

    • The Malawi Ministry of Health (MOH) identified gaps in immunisation training.
    • Healthcare worker training is crucial for effective vaccination programs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess current immunisation training programs in Malawian health institutions.
    • To identify unmet training needs and propose solutions for regular health worker training.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in Malawi.
    • Interviews were held with key personnel including immunisation managers, officers, coordinators, and training institution principals.

    Main Results:

    • Immunisation is part of the curriculum, but it's not updated regularly, leaving graduates unprepared.
    • Training duration is insufficient, and ongoing in-service training is infrequent and ad hoc.

    Conclusions:

    • Malawi's health system faces significant training deficits in immunisation.
    • Health training institutions need to update curricula, and regular in-service training for providers is essential.