Enhancing physical function in HIV-infected older adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Public Health
• Behavioral Medicine

Background:

• Older adults with HIV are susceptible to functional decline.
• Interventions to enhance physical activity are crucial for this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the impact of a physical activity counseling intervention based on self-determination theory (SDT) on physical function, motivation, depression, and quality of life (QOL) in HIV-infected older adults (HOA).

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 67 community-dwelling HOA with mild-to-moderate functional limitations.
• Participants were assigned to either a physical activity counseling group or a usual care control group.
• Outcome measures included physical function tests, physical activity levels, autonomous motivation, depression, and QOL, assessed at baseline and final visits.

Main Results:

• The physical activity counseling group showed significant improvements in overall physical performance, gait speed, endurance, strength, and physical activity levels compared to the control group (p < .05).
• Improvements were also observed in autonomous regulation (identified regulation), depression, and QOL in the treatment group (p < .05).
• Enhanced intrinsic regulation and QOL correlated with improved physical function across groups (p < .05).

Conclusions:

• A physical activity counseling program, guided by SDT, effectively enhances physical function, autonomous motivation, mood, and QOL in HOA experiencing functional limitations.
• This intervention demonstrates potential for community-based implementation to support healthy aging in individuals with HIV.