Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 25, 2026

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
Published on: July 2, 2021
Ischiofemoral impingement: defining the lesser trochanter-ischial space
Benjamin R Kivlan1,2, RobRoy L Martin3,4, Hal D Martin5
1John G. Rangos Sr., School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA. kivlanb@duq.edu.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to define changes in the ischial-lesser trochanteric space associated with medial and lateral hip rotation in neutral and 10° of extension and adduction.
Methods:
Twenty-five hip joints from 14 embalmed cadavers (7 males and 7 females) were used for this study. The pelvic region of each cadaver was skeletonized, and the hip capsule released distally. With the hip joint in 0° flexion-extension/abduction-adduction, the distance between the lesser trochanter and ischium was measured in: neutral rotation, 40° medial rotation, and 60° lateral rotation. A one-way ANOVA with post hoc analysis determined the difference in the ischiofemoral space in these three positions. An additional position was then tested by laterally rotating the femur with the hip joint positioned in 10° extension and adduction.
Results:
The average distance between the lesser trochanter and ischium was different (p < .0005) in neutral rotation, 40° medial rotation, and 60° lateral rotation at 2.8 cm (SD 1.1), 4.3 cm (SD 1.2), and 1.4 cm (SD 0.7), respectively. With the hip joint laterally rotated from a starting position of 10° extension and adduction, 21 of 25 (84 %) hips made contact between the lesser trochanter and ischium at an average position of 29° (SD 20) of lateral rotation.
Conclusions:
The lesser trochanter is closest to the ischium in lateral rotation and is furthest away in medial rotation when the hip is in neutral flexion-extension/abduction-adduction. The lesser trochanter approximates the ischium when the hip is laterally rotated in 10° extension and adduction. The information gained through this investigation helps to define the pathomechanics associated with ischiofemoral impingement and validate clinical tests to diagnose ischiofemoral impingement.
More Related Videos
09:51The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
Published on: September 7, 2022
04:41Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner
Published on: June 6, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Muscles that Move the Thigh
Three other significant muscles are the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The gluteus maximus originates from the posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and the thoracolumbar...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella
Muscles that Move the Leg
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
Abdominal Regions and Quadrants
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four...
Arteries of Lower Limbs
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles....