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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

A Standardized Method for Measurement of Elbow Kinesthesia
Published on: October 10, 2020
Spastic Paralysis of the Elbow and Forearm
Idris Gharbaoui1, Katarzyna Kania2, Patrick Cole2
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Abstract:
As the physiologic recovery period concludes, the patient is evaluated for surgical procedures that may rebalance muscle function and correct deformity. Upper extremity function is the product of complex and highly sophisticated mechanisms working in unison, and a careful, systematic preoperative evaluation is critical. A good function of the hand cannot be achieved without adequate position of the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist. The goals of surgery must be practical and clearly understood by the patient and the family.
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