Clinco-Pathological Patterns in Women with Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Pathology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is defined as abnormal uterine bleeding unrelated to pregnancy, tumors, or inflammation.
• Histological diagnosis is vital for managing DUB, particularly in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) across different age groups.
• To conduct a histopathological study of the endometrium in DUB cases.
• To analyze the clinicopathological patterns of DUB.

Main Methods:

• A study involving 500 cases of atypical uterine bleeding, with 120 diagnosed with DUB based on clinical assessment and investigations.
• Endometrial tissue samples were obtained via D&C (dilatation and curettage) for histopathological evaluation.
• The study was conducted between March 2003 and December 2004.

Main Results:

• Hyperplasia was the most frequent endometrial finding (20.5%), followed by luteal phase insufficiency (15.6%) and secretory endometrium (13.7%).
• Other pathologies included endometritis (12.7%), post-abortal changes (5.8%), proliferative endometrium (6.8%), polyps (3.9%), atrophic endometrium (3.9%), exogenous hormone effects (2.9%), and anovulatory cycles (6.8%).

Conclusions:

• Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) stems from diverse functional and structural abnormalities, necessitating thorough evaluation, especially in perimenopausal women.
• Menorrhagia is a common symptom, with etiology often age-related.
• Endometrial curettage and biopsy are important diagnostic procedures, with histopathology being the gold standard.