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CAMBRA as a Tool for Caries Risk Prediction Among 12- to 13-year-old Institutionalised Children - A Longitudinal
Insights
Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) effectively predicted caries risk in institutionalized children. The tool showed high validity and predictive power for identifying children needing intervention.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Dental Public Health
- Caries Risk Assessment
Background:
- Dental caries remains a significant public health issue, particularly in institutionalized populations.
- Accurate caries risk assessment is crucial for targeted prevention and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) tool for caries risk prediction in 12- to 13-year-old institutionalized children.
- To validate CAMBRA's predictions against the actual incidence of new caries lesions over a two-year period.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving 72 institutionalized children, with baseline data collected in August 2011 and follow-up in August 2013.
- CAMBRA assessment included nonclinical interviews, plaque index (Silness and Löe), and caries assessment using ICDAS criteria.
- New caries increments were determined at the two-year follow-up examination.
Main Results:
- 58.33% of children were classified as high risk for caries.
- High odds ratios for caries were associated with restorations (OR=7.31), mutans streptococci (OR=7.15), and heavy plaque (OR=5.54).
- Children identified as moderate and high risk at baseline had 37.5% and 47.6% incidence of new cavities, respectively. CAMBRA demonstrated 47.62% sensitivity and 80% specificity.
Conclusions:
- The Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) tool proved to be a valid and highly predictive method for assessing caries risk in institutionalized children.
- Findings support the use of CAMBRA for proactive dental care planning in vulnerable pediatric populations.
Purpose:
To evaluate CAMBRA (Caries Management by Risk Assessment) as a tool for caries risk prediction among 12- to 13-year-old institutionalised children and to validate it against the new increment of caries lesions.
Materials And Methods:
A longitudinal follow-up study was conducted among 72 institutionalised children. Baseline data were collected in the month of August, 2011. Children were individually interviewed to record the nonclinical information necessary to complete the CAMBRA. Clinical information for the assessment of visible plaque was recorded using the Silness and Löe plaque index and evidence of decalcification and caries was recorded using ICDAS criteria. The children underwent the follow-up examination in August 2013 to determine the new increment of dental caries.
Results:
19.44% of the subjects were classified as low risk, 22.22% as moderate risk, and 58.33% as high risk for caries. The highest odds ratio (OR) for disease indicators was 7.31 for restorations in the last 3 years. The highest OR for pathological factors was 7.15 for mutans streptococci, followed by 5.54 for visible heavy plaque. The highest OR for protective factors was 0.56, i.e. a negative association of fluoride toothpaste. Among those subjects assessed as moderate and high risk for caries at baseline, 37.5% and 47.6%, respectively, had new cavities at the follow-up examination. Sensitivity for CAMBRA was found to be 47.62% with a specificity of 80%, and the area under the ROC curve was found to be 0.638.
Conclusion:
CAMBRA was valid and highly predictive in determining the caries risk among institutionalised children.
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