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Substance use after bariatric surgery: A review
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Journal of Psychiatric Research
|February 13, 2016
Summary
Bariatric surgery patients have a high risk of substance use, with a history of use predicting postoperative problems. Early assessment and follow-up are crucial for preventing substance use initiation and relapse.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Public Health
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Rising obesity rates necessitate bariatric surgery for weight loss and comorbidity management.
- Bariatric patients face heightened vulnerability to substance use disorders.
- Understanding substance use patterns is critical for this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review changes in substance use prevalence post-bariatric surgery.
- To identify factors associated with substance use in bariatric patients.
- To assess the link between substance use and health outcomes after surgery.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of peer-reviewed articles (1990-2015).
- Searches across PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar.
- Exclusion of studies on pre-surgery use only or without effect measurements.
Main Results:
- Preoperative substance use history strongly predicts postoperative use.
- Postoperative alcohol use prevalence ranged from 7.6% to 11.8%.
- New-onset substance use post-surgery affected 34.3% to 89.5% of patients.
Conclusions:
- Substance use is linked to adverse health outcomes in bariatric patients.
- Preoperative screening and ongoing postoperative monitoring are essential.
- Interventions should target relapse prevention and new-onset use reduction.
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