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Intratympanic corticosteroid for sudden hearing loss: does it really work?

Monique Antunes de Souza Chelminski Barreto¹, Aleluia Lima Losno Ledesma², Carlos Augusto Costa Pires de Oliveira²

¹Postgraduate Speech and Hearing, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Educational Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Audiology and Neurotology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil; Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

|February 14, 2016

Summary

Intratympanic steroid therapy is effective for sudden deafness, especially when oral corticosteroids fail or cannot be used, such as in diabetic patients. This treatment is often a secondary option for sudden hearing loss.

Keywords:

Corticosteroides Corticosteroids Perda súbita da audição Sudden deafness Sudden hearing loss Surdez súbita

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Neurology

Background:

Sudden deafness involves rapid hearing loss (≥30dB across three frequencies within three days).
Oral corticosteroids are a common initial treatment for sudden hearing loss.
Intratympanic corticosteroids are considered when oral treatments are ineffective or contraindicated.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of intratympanic steroid therapy for sudden deafness.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of publications was conducted.
Databases searched included PubMed/MEDLINE.
Keywords used were 'sudden deafness,' 'sudden hearing loss,' and 'corticosteroids.'

Main Results:

Thirty scientific studies were analyzed.
76.7% of studies investigated intratympanic therapy as a salvage treatment after conventional therapy failure.
23.3% of studies used intratympanic therapy as the primary treatment.

Conclusions:

Intratympanic corticosteroid therapy is primarily used when conventional treatments fail.
It is a crucial option for patients who cannot use systemic corticosteroids, like those with diabetes.