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Related Concept Videos

Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

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In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the...
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Bioreactor Design and Operational System01:29

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Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
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Bioreactor Controls-III01:22

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Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
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The scale-up of microbial fermentation processes is essential in industrial biotechnology, allowing the transition from laboratory-scale experiments to commercial-scale production while aiming to maintain product yield and quality. This process requires meticulous adjustment of equipment design, process parameters, and contamination control strategies to accommodate increasing culture volumes.At the laboratory scale, cultures are typically maintained in 1 to 10-liter glass or autoclavable...
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Extraction of Structural Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Aerobic Granular Sludge
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Aerobic granular processes: Current research trends.

Quanguo Zhang1, Jianjun Hu1, Duu-Jong Lee2

  • 1Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.

Bioresource Technology
|February 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aerobic granules offer efficient wastewater treatment. This review covers their development, pollutant removal, stability, and waste biomass reuse, discussing commercialization prospects.

Keywords:
GranulationProspectReuseStructural stability

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Aerobic granules are compact biological aggregates.
  • They are utilized in advanced wastewater treatment systems.
  • Efficient treatment of complex pollutants is a growing need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in aerobic granular processes.
  • To explore enhanced treatment of challenging pollutants.
  • To discuss granule stability, biomass reuse, and commercialization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on aerobic granulation.
  • Analysis of studies on pollutant degradation within aerobic granules.
  • Examination of techniques for improving granule stability and biomass valorization.

Main Results:

  • Aerobic granular processes show promise for treating complex wastewater.
  • Strategies for enhancing granule stability and long-term performance are identified.
  • Waste biomass from granules can be repurposed as a renewable resource.

Conclusions:

  • Aerobic granular technology is advancing for efficient wastewater treatment.
  • Further research is needed to overcome commercialization challenges.
  • The reuse of waste biomass presents a sustainable approach.