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Aptamer-based 'point-of-care testing'.

Subash C B Gopinath1, Thangavel Lakshmipriya2, Yeng Chen3

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Aptamers, generated via SELEX, offer high-performance sensing for portable point-of-care testing. These versatile oligonucleotides enable sensitive diagnostics when combined with nanostructures or antibodies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules engineered through Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX).
  • They exhibit high specificity and affinity for target molecules, comparable to antibodies.
  • Their characteristics make them suitable for developing advanced biosensing platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of novel, portable aptamer-based sensing strategies.
  • To highlight the suitability of these strategies for point-of-care testing (POCT).
  • To discuss the integration of aptamers with nanostructures and their amenability to chemical modifications for enhanced sensor performance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on aptamer-based sensing technologies.
  • Discussion of the SELEX process for aptamer generation.
  • Analysis of aptamer conjugation with nanostructures and other components for sensor development.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of highly sensitive and portable sensors using aptamers, often in combination with antibodies.
  • Successful application of aptamer-conjugated nanostructures in field-based sensing.
  • Adaptability of aptamers for integration with various established sensor platforms due to chemical modification flexibility.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer-based sensing offers a promising avenue for developing sensitive, portable, and versatile diagnostic tools.
  • These strategies are well-suited for point-of-care testing, enabling rapid diagnostics outside traditional laboratory settings.
  • The flexibility and performance characteristics of aptamers position them as key components in next-generation biosensors.