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Related Experiment Video

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fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
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Brain structural changes in spasmodic dysphonia: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study.

Vladimir S Kostic1, Federica Agosta2, Lidia Sarro2

  • 1Clinic of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
|February 16, 2016
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Summary

Spasmodic dysphonia involves brain changes in cortical morphology, basal ganglia, and white matter. These alterations in voice networks may explain the condition's underlying causes.

Keywords:
Basal gangliaCortical morphologyMRISpasmodic dysphoniaWhite matter microstructure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The underlying causes of spasmodic dysphonia (SD) remain unclear.
  • This study investigated neuroanatomical differences in SD patients compared to healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cortical morphology, basal ganglia, and white matter microstructural alterations in spasmodic dysphonia.
  • To identify potential pathophysiological mechanisms of SD through neuroimaging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized T1-weighted and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 13 SD patients and 30 controls.
  • Applied tract-based spatial statistics and surface-based morphometry to analyze MRI data.
  • Measured diffusion tensor MRI indices, cortical surface area, and basal ganglia volumes and metrics.

Main Results:

  • SD patients exhibited increased cortical surface area in somatosensory and motor areas, alongside decreased area in other regions like the rolandic operculum.
  • Significant alterations in white matter integrity (increased diffusivity, decreased fractional anisotropy) were observed in the corpus callosum and major tracts.
  • Altered diffusion tensor MRI measures, but not volumetric changes, were noted in the right caudate and putamen.

Conclusions:

  • Spasmodic dysphonia is associated with multi-level alterations in brain networks crucial for voice control.
  • These changes encompass sensorimotor integration, motor execution, and auditory/visual processing during speech.
  • The identified neurobiological differences offer insights into the pathophysiology of spasmodic dysphonia.