Advances in otologic microsurgery

Recent advances in otologic microsurgery have brought progress in the improvement of hearing impairment, alleviation of vertigo, and removal of skull base tumors. Refinement of stapedectomy techniques, use of new biocompatible prostheses, and other advances promise improved results with established otologic procedures. In addition, implantable hearing aids and cochlear implants will increasingly improve hearing in patients who previously could not be helped. The surgical methods for vestibular nerve section continue to be refined to help the surgeon and minimize risk to the patient. The challenging new field of skull base surgery has been opened through the combined efforts of otologists and other specialists. The recent advances in these fields are reviewed.