Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Conditions on Early Earth02:06

Conditions on Early Earth

2.9K
2.9K
Conditions on Early Earth02:06

Conditions on Early Earth

103.2K
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
103.2K
Diversity of Archaea II01:24

Diversity of Archaea II

622
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, exhibit remarkable diversity and adaptability, thriving in both extreme and moderate environments. Historically, most identified archaea have been classified into two major phyla: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. However, recent molecular studies have expanded this classification to include three additional phyla: Thaumarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, and Korarchaeota, each exhibiting unique characteristics and ecological roles.Thaumarchaeota: Mesophiles...
622
Deep Sea Microbial Ecology01:18

Deep Sea Microbial Ecology

12
The deep ocean and its underlying sediments represent vast, largely unexplored microbial habitats that extend far beyond the sunlit photic zone. The photic (euphotic) zone typically spans the upper ~100–200 meters of pelagic waters in the open ocean, but its depth varies geographically and seasonally, where sufficient light supports photosynthetic life. Below this lies the deep sea, spanning roughly 1000–6000 meters (bathypelagic to abyssal zones), with deeper hadal trenches...
12
The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

28.4K
The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
28.4K
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

2.7K
In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Fabrication of Atom Probe Tomography Specimens From Mineral Nanoplates by Focused Ion Beam Redeposition.

Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada·2026
Same author

The Role of Laser Pulse Energy on Data Quality and Reconstruction of Olivine Atom Probe Tomography Data.

Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada·2025
Same author

Pinpointing the thermal history of lunar basaltic meteorites in a nutshell.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Fluid-assisted grain size reduction leads to strain localization in oceanic transform faults.

Nature communications·2023
Same author

No evidence of supracrustal recycling in Si-O isotopes of Earth's oldest rocks 4 Ga ago.

Science advances·2023
Same author

Crystallographic Texture and Substructural Phenomena in 316 Stainless Steel Printed by Selective Laser Melting.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

The Role of Fabric in Frictional Properties of Phyllosilicate-Rich Tectonic Faults
07:39

The Role of Fabric in Frictional Properties of Phyllosilicate-Rich Tectonic Faults

Published on: November 6, 2021

3.6K

Earth's oldest mantle fabrics indicate Eoarchaean subduction.

Mary-Alix Kaczmarek1,2, Steven M Reddy2, Allen P Nutman3,4

  • 1Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, UNIL-Mouline, Building Geopolis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature Communications
|February 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Eoarchaean subduction evidence found in ancient olivine rocks from Greenland suggests early Earth plate tectonics. Microstructural analysis of these rocks reveals mantle deformation consistent with subduction zones, supporting early geodynamic processes.

More Related Videos

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

13.0K
Laboratory Simulation of an IronII-rich Precambrian Marine Upwelling System to Explore the Growth of Photosynthetic Bacteria
09:45

Laboratory Simulation of an IronII-rich Precambrian Marine Upwelling System to Explore the Growth of Photosynthetic Bacteria

Published on: July 24, 2016

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

The Role of Fabric in Frictional Properties of Phyllosilicate-Rich Tectonic Faults
07:39

The Role of Fabric in Frictional Properties of Phyllosilicate-Rich Tectonic Faults

Published on: November 6, 2021

3.6K
Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

13.0K
Laboratory Simulation of an IronII-rich Precambrian Marine Upwelling System to Explore the Growth of Photosynthetic Bacteria
09:45

Laboratory Simulation of an IronII-rich Precambrian Marine Upwelling System to Explore the Growth of Photosynthetic Bacteria

Published on: July 24, 2016

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Geology
  • Geophysics
  • Mineralogy

Background:

  • The operation of subduction processes in the Eoarchaean era (4.0–3.6 billion years ago) remains a subject of scientific debate.
  • The oldest terrestrial olivine, found in the Isua supracrustal belt, Greenland (∼3,720 million years ago), exhibits microstructural fabrics.
  • These fabrics include a shape-preferred orientation of olivine crystals and a well-defined lattice-preferred orientation (LPO).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin and tectonic setting of Eoarchaean olivine fabrics.
  • To determine if microstructural data from ancient ultramafic rocks can provide insights into early Earth geodynamics.
  • To test the hypothesis that B-type LPO in Isua dunites indicates a supra-subduction mantle wedge setting.

Main Methods:

  • Microstructural analysis of olivine crystals from Isua dunites.
  • Characterization of shape-preferred orientation and lattice-preferred orientation (LPO).
  • Comparison of observed fabrics with experimental data and modern subduction zone settings.
  • Integration of compositional data from associated mafic rocks.

Main Results:

  • The Isua dunites exhibit a B-type LPO, with [001] parallel to the maximum finite elongation direction and (010) perpendicular to the foliation plane.
  • This B-type fabric is consistent with deformation in a mantle wedge above a subduction zone, mirroring fabrics observed in modern Earth settings.
  • Compositional data from nearby mafic rocks support a supra-subduction mantle wedge interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • The microstructural features of the Isua dunites provide compelling evidence for Eoarchaean subduction.
  • Ancient ultramafic rocks are valuable archives for reconstructing early Earth geodynamics.
  • This study supports the operation of plate tectonics, including subduction, during the Eoarchaean era.