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Pain in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a population-based registry study

Ann Alriksson-Schmidt1, Gunnar Hägglund1

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|February 17, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pain is a significant issue for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP), affecting over 30%. Girls and those with more severe CP (higher GMFCS levels) report pain more frequently, often in the lower extremities and abdomen.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) significantly impacts motor function in children and adolescents.
  • Understanding pain prevalence and location is crucial for effective management in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and anatomical location of pain in children and adolescents with CP.
  • To analyze pain distribution based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), age, and gender.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing data from Swedish CP follow-up and national quality registers.
  • Inclusion criteria: children aged 1-14 years, born 2001-2012, registered in 2013-2014.
  • Logistic regression analyzed the association of age, gender, and GMFCS level with pain presence and location.

Main Results:

  • 2777 children (57% boys, median age 7 years) were included; 32.4% reported pain.
  • Girls and children with higher GMFCS levels (III and V) experienced pain more frequently than boys and those with GMFCS I.
  • Pain frequency increased with age, with specific locations varying by GMFCS level (e.g., abdomen/hips at GMFCS V, knees at GMFCS III, feet at GMFCS I).

Conclusions:

  • Pain is a prevalent and significant issue in children and adolescents with CP, despite lower reported prevalence than in some prior studies.
  • Pain patterns are associated with motor function severity (GMFCS level), age, and gender, highlighting the need for tailored pain assessments.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdolescentsCerebral palsyChildrenPainPrevalence

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