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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Using Micro-computed Tomography for the Assessment of Tumor Development and Follow-up of Response to Treatment in a Mouse Model of Lung Cancer
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[A Decrease in Lung Cancer Mortality Following the Implementation of CT Screening for General Population].

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    Igaku Butsuri : Nihon Igaku Butsuri Gakkai Kikanshi = Japanese Journal of Medical Physics : an Official Journal of Japan Society of Medical Physics
    |February 18, 2016
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    Large-scale low-dose CT lung cancer screening in Japan showed a significant decrease in lung cancer mortality 4-8 years after implementation. This community-based screening program demonstrates the potential of early detection to reduce cancer deaths.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Public Health
    • Radiology

    Context:

    • A comprehensive lung cancer screening program utilizing low-dose computed tomography (CT) was established in the Hitachi Medical Area in 1998 and 2001.
    • The program involved two medical facilities and screened 25,385 participants, performing 61,914 tests by 2006, identifying 210 lung cancer cases with a 5-year survival rate of 90%.

    Purpose:

    • To evaluate the impact of a large-scale, community-based low-dose CT lung cancer screening program on lung cancer mortality.
    • To assess the relationship between screening implementation and changes in standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for lung cancer within the screened population.

    Summary:

    • Lung cancer screening data from 1998-2009 in Hitachi City, Japan, involving nearly 40% participation in the 50-69 age group.
    • Analysis of lung cancer mortality data (1995-2009) revealed a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) near unity from 1995-2004.
    • A significant decrease in SMR to 0.76 (95% CI: 0.67-0.86) was observed during 2005-2009 for individuals aged 50-79, indicating a reduction in lung cancer deaths.

    Impact:

    • The findings suggest that widespread implementation of low-dose CT screening can lead to a reduction in community lung cancer mortality.
    • The observed decrease in mortality occurred 4-8 years post-introduction of the screening program, highlighting the long-term benefits of early detection.
    • Continued focus on future developments and original research in Japan is recommended to further optimize lung cancer screening strategies.