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Metabolomics in diabetes, a review
Rigoberto Pallares-Méndez1, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas1, Ivette Cruz-Bautista1
1a Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" , Ciudad De México , D.F ;
Annals of Medicine
|February 18, 2016
Summary
Metabolomics reveals key metabolic shifts linked to early insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Adding these markers improves diabetes risk prediction beyond standard factors.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Metabolomics
- Disease Biomarkers
Background:
- Metabolomics offers a powerful approach for identifying disease-related chemical compounds.
- It enhances diagnostic thresholds and prediction accuracy for type 2 diabetes.
- Specific metabolites like branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), aromatic amino acids (AAAs), and acylcarnitines are implicated in early insulin resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review metabolic shifts preceding or following type 2 diabetes.
- To highlight the role of specific metabolites in insulin resistance.
- To assess the utility of metabolomic markers in diabetes risk prediction.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of metabolomic studies related to type 2 diabetes.
- Analysis of metabolic pathways including amino acid metabolism, beta-oxidation, and the TCA cycle.
- Evaluation of the association between metabolites and insulin resistance.
Main Results:
- BCAAs, AAAs, and acylcarnitines are strongly associated with early insulin resistance.
- Defects in amino acid metabolism, beta-oxidation, and the TCA cycle are linked to these metabolic changes.
- Incorporating metabolomic markers improves diabetes risk prediction compared to traditional factors.
Conclusions:
- Metabolomic profiling provides critical insights into the early stages of type 2 diabetes.
- Specific metabolite classes serve as early indicators of insulin resistance.
- Metabolomics enhances the predictive power of clinical and biochemical assessments for diabetes risk.
Keywords:
Acylcarnitinesaromatic amino acidsbranched-chain amino acidsdiabetesdysglycemiainsulin resistancemass spectrometrymetabolomicsnuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyobesityMore Related Videos
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