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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
Published on: September 22, 2019
The epidemiology and risk factors of inflammatory bowel disease
Yulan Ye1, Zhi Pang1, Weichang Chen2
1Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
Abstract:
This review aimed to summarize the epidemiology (incidence, prevalence and morality) and risk factors of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and includes Crohn's Disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD has increasing incidence and prevalence in most of countries and becomes a global emerging disease. A westernized lifestyle or habits and some environmental factors have been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. The relevant risk factors include Smoking, hygiene hypothesis, microorganisms, appendectomy, medication, nutrition, and stress have all been found to be associated with the modality of IBD, but results are inconsistent on this issue in available studies. Therefore, more studies are required to identify and understand the environmental determinants of IBD.
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