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Interleukin 18 (IL-18) as a target for immune intervention
Sebastian Wawrocki1, Magdalena Druszczynska1, Magdalena Kowalewicz-Kulbat1
1Division of Cellular Immunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|February 18, 2016
Summary
Interleukin 18 (IL-18) regulates immune responses by influencing various immune cells. This review explores the IL-18 system
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cytokine Biology
- Infectious Disease Research
Background:
- Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is a pleiotropic cytokine crucial for immune regulation.
- IL-18 influences both innate and acquired immune responses, including T helper 1 (Th1) cell differentiation and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production.
- Its activity is modulated by IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and IL-18 receptors (IL-18R).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamental biology of the IL-18/IL-18BP/IL-18R system.
- To elucidate the role of IL-18 in host defense against various infections.
- To discuss the potential therapeutic applications of IL-18 in infectious and non-infectious diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on IL-18.
- Analysis of the molecular interactions within the IL-18/IL-18BP/IL-18R axis.
- Synthesis of data on IL-18's role in different immune cell types and disease contexts.
Main Results:
- IL-18 production, IL-18BP levels, and IL-18R expression collectively determine IL-18 bioactivity.
- The IL-18 system plays a significant role in orchestrating immune responses against pathogens.
- IL-18 exhibits diverse effects on T cells (Th1, Th2, Th17), NK cells, CD8+ cytotoxic cells, and neutrophils.
Conclusions:
- The IL-18/IL-18BP/IL-18R system is a key regulator of host defense mechanisms.
- Understanding this system provides insights into managing infectious diseases.
- IL-18 holds promise for future immunotherapeutic and prophylactic strategies.
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