Right Ventricular Function in Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Association with Respiratory Sequelae

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Arvind Sehgal1, Andra Malikiwi, Eldho Paul

  • 1Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.

Neonatology
|February 18, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is linked to longer respiratory support needs. Impaired RV function at 36 weeks

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Cardiology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Cor pulmonale is a known complication in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • However, detailed information regarding right ventricular (RV) function in these infants is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate right ventricular (RV) function in infants diagnosed with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • To determine the correlation between RV function and subsequent respiratory outcomes in these infants.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective assessment of RV function using echocardiography, including tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), 2D fractional area change (FAC), M-mode tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and myocardial performance index (MPI).
  • Comparison of RV function between infants with severe BPD and a control group of preterm infants without BPD.
  • Enrollment of 18 preterm infants with severe BPD at 36 weeks' corrected gestational age.

Main Results:

  • Infants with severe BPD exhibited significantly lower RV systolic function (TDI peak systolic velocities, peak isovolumic systolic velocities, and RV FAC) compared to controls.
  • Impaired RV diastolic function and relaxation were observed in infants with BPD, indicated by higher TDI E/E' ratio and RV MPI.
  • Higher E/E' and lower FAC strongly correlated with a longer duration of subsequent respiratory support in infants with severe BPD.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired right ventricular (RV) performance is evident in preterm infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' corrected gestation.
  • The degree of RV impairment correlates with the duration of subsequent respiratory support required by these infants.
Abstract

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